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1.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 85(6): 746-752, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055505

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: The use of saline irrigation for nasal washes is a well established procedure in the treatment of sinonasal inflammation and infection. In addition to saline solutions, Ringer's lactate is also an efficient option for nasal washes and humidification. Objective: To assess the comfort, humidification and tolerance regarding stinging sensation, provided by sodium chloride nasal gel at the concentrations of 4.5 mg/g and 6.0 mg/g through questionnaires answered by the patients. Methods: A total of 60 patients, 56 females, aged between 22 and 66 years old (mean age of 47) and 4 males, aged between 36 and 66 years (mean age of 49), were included in the study for a period of 17 days (±2 days) treatment. The patients were monitored by a general practitioner throughout the study period. They were instructed to apply each product in both nostrils twice a day during a 7-day period (±2 days). The patients were evaluated prior to the use of the first product at visit 0 (V0), after 7 days of treatment (±2 days) at visit 1 (V1), after 3 days of product discontinuation at visit 2 (V2) and after 7 days (±2 days) of treatment with the second product, in visit 3 (V3). Results: A significant difference (5% significance) was observed regarding comfort and stinging sensation between the two different concentrations; comfort was higher and stinging was lower with the 6.0 mg/g concentration gel. No difference in humidification was observed between the two treatments. Conclusion: Ringer's lactate at the concentration of 6.0 mg/g was superior to that at 4.5 mg/g for parameters comfort and stinging sensation. No statistical difference was observed between the two products regarding nasal humidification.


Resumo Introdução: O uso de soluções salinas para lavagem nasal está consagrado no tratamento de quadros inflamatórios e infecciosos nasossinusais. Além das soluções salinas, o ringer lactato é uma importante opção tanto para lavagem quanto para a hidratação nasal. Objetivo: Avaliar a tolerabilidade (ardência e conforto) e umidificação do produto gel nasal cloreto de sódio 4,5 mg/g em relação ao ringer lactato 6,0 mg/g, por meio de questionários respondidos pelos pacientes. Método: Foram incluídos 60 pacientes, 56 mulheres (22-66 anos; média: 47 anos) e quatro homens (36-66 anos; média: 49 anos) foram incluídos no estudo de 17 dias (± 2 dias) de tratamento. Os pacientes foram supervisionados por um clínico geral durante todo o período do estudo. Os pacientes usaram os produtos com uma borrifada em cada narina duas vezes ao dia, durante sete dias (± 2 dias). As formulações foram avaliadas antes do uso do primeiro produto na visita 0 (V0), após sete dias (± 2 dias) de tratamento na visita 1 (V1), após três dias de interrupção do primeiro tratamento na visita 2 (V2) e após sete dias (± 2 dias) de uso do segundo produto na visita 3 (V3). Resultados: Foi observada diferença significante para o conforto das vias nasais, (significância de 5%), na comparação entre os tratamentos nos atributos de conforto e ardência. O conforto das vias nasais foi superior e a ardência inferior para o gel nasal ringer lactato 6,0 mg/g em comparação ao gel cloreto de sódio 4,5 mg/g. Não foi observada diferença significante para a umidificação entre os tratamentos. Conclusão: O gel ringer lactato 6,0 mg/g foi superior ao produto gel cloreto de sódio 4,5 mg/g nos quesitos conforto e ardência. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os tratamentos em relação à umidificação das vias nasais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Nose Diseases/drug therapy , Ringer's Lactate/administration & dosage , Nasal Mucosa/drug effects , Single-Blind Method , Nasal Lavage Fluid , Gels , Humidity , Nasal Mucosa/physiopathology
2.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 48(2): e284, abr.-jun. 2019. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126613

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las especies vegetales constituyen el remedio primero a los problemas de salud que aquejan a las personas. La granada es rica en ácido ascórbico, mejora la barrera epidérmica y reduce la contracción de las heridas. La flor de agua posee actividad antibacteriana. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto cicatrizante del polvo carbonizado de Punica granatum Linn (granada) y de Eichhornia crassipes (flor de agua), en un modelo experimental en ratas. Métodos: Estudio analítico experimental con el empleo 30 ratas macho distribuidas en 3 grupos (n= 10). Grupo I y II; tratadas con el polvo carbonizado de la granada y flor de agua respectivamente. Grupo III: Tratadas con cloruro de sodio al 0,9 por ciento. Se realizó un modelo de herida por escisión en el dorso. La evolución de la cicatrización fue seguida por la velocidad de contracción de la herida en milímetros. Se realizó histología sobre biopsias de tejido cicatrizado. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó la prueba no paramétrica de Mann- Whitney. El nivel de significación se fijó en p < 0,05. Resultados: Se comprobó el efecto cicatrizante de los polvos carbonizados de la granada y flor de agua; disminuyó el área de las heridas de manera significativa respecto al grupo control. El estudio histológico mostró dermis madura grado III en los grupos I y II. Conclusiones: La aplicación tópica del polvo carbonizado de granada y de flor de agua influyó sobre el cierre de las heridas y en la maduración de la dermis, por lo cual favoreció la cicatrización(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: Plant species are the first remedy to the people's health problems. The pomegranate is rich in ascorbic acid, improves the epidermal barrier and reduces the contraction of wounds. The water hyacinth has antibacterial activity. Objective: To evaluate the healing effect of the charred powder of Punica granatum Linn (pomegranate) and Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), in an experimental model in rats. Methods: Experimental analytical study with 30 male rats distributed in 3 groups (n = 10). Group I and II; treated with the charred powder of the pomegranate and water hyacinth respectively. Group III: treated with 0.9 percent sodium chloride. An incision wound model was made on the back. The evolution of healing was followed by the speed of contraction of the wound in millimeters. Histology was performed on biopsies of scar tissue. For the statistical analysis, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The healing effect of the charred powders of the pomegranate and water hyacinth was verified; decreased the wound area significantly compared to the control group. The histological study showed mature grade III dermis in groups I and II. Conclusions: The topical application of the charred powder of pomegranate and water hyacinth influenced the closure of the wounds and the maturation of the dermis, which favored healing(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Cicatrix/veterinary , Dermis , Aquatic Flora/analysis , Pomegranate
3.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 950-954, abr.-maio 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482076

ABSTRACT

A conscientização dos consumidores esta cada vez maior em relação a ingestão de sódio. Com isso, o objetivo do trabalho foi produzir hambúrgueres de frango com teores reduzidos de sal. Para tanto, foram elaborados os seguintes tratamentos: controle (T1 - com quantidade regular de sal) e T2, T3 e T4 com redução de 15%, 30% e 45% de sal, respectivamente, o qual foi substituído por mix de ervas e especiarias. Os hambúrgueres foram analisados quanto atividade de água, pH e qualidade de cozimento. A atividade de água de T1 foi a menor (p<0,05). Para pH, não foram observadas diferenças entre os tratamentos. A redução de sal não afetou a qualidade do cozimento. Assim, foi possível elaborar hambúrgueres de frango reduzidos de sal com poucas alterações nas características físico-químicas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Diet, Sodium-Restricted , Chemical Phenomena , Meat Products/analysis , Spices , Chickens
4.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 2862-2866, abr.-maio 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482474

ABSTRACT

No seguimento de produtos a base de carne, o hambúrguer é um dos mais populares. Dessa forma, esse trabalho visou elaborar hambúrgueres de frango com teor reduzido de sódio. Para tanto, foram elaborados os seguintes tratamentos: controle (T1 – com quantidade regular de sal) e T2, T3 e T4 com redução de 15%, 30% e 45% de sal, respectivamente, o qual foi substituído por mix de ervas e especiarias. Foi avaliada a aceitação sensorial através de escala hedônica e de intenção de compra. De acordo com os resultados, os hambúrgueres de frango com redução de sal e substituição por mix de condimentos apresentaram boa aceitação sensorial. O uso das ervas e especiarias com a redução 15% de sal obteve o melhor desempenho entre os tratamentos avaliados, tornando possível a redução de sódio sem afetar as características sensorial do produto.


Subject(s)
Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Consumer Behavior , Spices , Meat Products , Chickens
5.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 2943-2947, abr.-maio 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482490

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar a aceitação sensorial e a percepção de ideal de sal de lombos suínos defumados elaborados com carnes de diferentes classes de qualidade (RFN, PSE e DFD) e diferentes concentrações de sal (1,2 e 1,8%). As notas de aceitação do sabor (nota 6,53) e da impressão global (nota 6,69) não foram afetadas (P>0,05) pelos fatores, mas os consumidores preferiram a aparência das amostras adicionados de 1,8% de sal, independentemente da qualidade da carne. Amostras RFN com 1,8% de sal tiveram a textura mais aceitas do que as com 1,2% de sal e amostras PSE com 1,8% foram consideradas com ideal de sal quando comparado às PSE com 1,2% de sal. Conclui-se que diferentes classes de qualidade e teores de sal afetam a aceitação dos lombos defumados, mas estes ainda possuem uma boa aceitação sensorial por parte dos consumidores.


Subject(s)
Food, Preserved , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Consumer Behavior , Meat Products , Swine
6.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 3072-3076, abr.-maio 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482516

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar o perfil de textura instrumental e sensorial de fiambres elaborados com transglutaminase (TG), carne suína PSE e redução de sal. Seis formulações com carnes normais (RFN) e PSE foram formuladas contendo 2% de sal, sem sal adicionado e sem sal + TG. A remoção do sal da formulação resultou (P<0,05) em menores valores de dureza e mastigabilidade, independentemente da carne utilizada. A TG foi capaz de evitar a redução nos valores de dureza e mastigabilidade quando os produtos foram elaborados com carne RFN, mas não quando elaborado com carne PSE. A aceitação sensorial da textura foi reduzida com a redução de sal, mas este foi minimizado pela adição da TG. Concluiu-se que apesar da TG minimizar os problemas de textura oriundos da redução de sal nos fiambres, a percepção sensorial não foi favorecida.


Subject(s)
Meat/analysis , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Consumer Behavior , Food Quality , Transglutaminases/administration & dosage , Swine
7.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 3087-3091, abr.-maio 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482519

ABSTRACT

Buscando por alimentos mais saudáveis, os consumidores têm dado preferência à produtos com baixo ou reduzido teor de sódio e gordura. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver, através de delineamento composto central (DCC) 22, diferentes formulações de linguiça toscana com concentrações variadas de sódio e gordura, e avaliá-las quanto as suas características físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais. Os resultados mostraram que todos os tratamentos estavam de acordo com os padrões microbiológicos exigidos pela legislação. Quanto à caracterização físico-química, todas as linguiças desenvolvidas apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, de acordo com a legislação. Os tratamentos 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 e 7 foram considerados como produto light, sendo os tratamentos com teores médios de gordura e sódio os mais aceitos sensorialmente.


Subject(s)
Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Chemical Phenomena , Fats , Meat Products/analysis , Food Composition
8.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 63(1): 84-88, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989286

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY Hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism due to aldosterone synthase (AS) deficiency is a rare condition typically presenting as salt-wasting syndrome in the neonatal period. A one-month-old Portuguese boy born to non-consanguineous parents was examined for feeding difficulties and poor weight gain. A laboratory workup revealed severe hyponatremia, hyperkaliaemia and high plasma renin with unappropriated normal plasma aldosterone levels, raising the suspicion of AS deficiency. Genetic analysis showed double homozygous of two different mutations in the CYP11B2 gene: p.Glu198Asp in exon 3 and p.Val386Ala in exon 7. The patient maintains regular follow-up visits in endocrinology clinics and has demonstrated a favourable clinical and laboratory response to mineralocorticoid therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first Portuguese case of AS deficiency reported with confirmed genetic analysis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Fludrocortisone/administration & dosage , Hypoaldosteronism/congenital , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2/deficiency , Hypoaldosteronism/diagnosis , Hypoaldosteronism/drug therapy
9.
Clinics ; 73: e504, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-952818

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of normal saline lavage of the distal vas deferens ampulla in patients undergoing vasectomy on the time to achieve azoospermia. METHODS: A prospective randomized study of 60 men divided into two groups, group lavage (GL, n=30) in which distal vas deferens ampulla lavage was performed with 10 ml of normal saline during the vasectomy, and group without lavage (GWL, n=30) in which control patients received only a vasectomy. The patients provided sperm for semen analysis at the 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th and 25th ejaculations. RESULTS: Fifteen participants in GL and 16 in GWL, for a total of 31 patients, were excluded due to not completing the control spermiogram. The tests carried out at the five ejaculations showed immobile spermatozoa in 40 and 85.71%, 66.67 and 78.57%, 93.33 and 85.71%, 86.67 and 71.43%, and 93.33 and 85.71% of participants in GL and GWL, respectively. CONCLUSION: Vas deferens duct lavage with 10 ml of normal saline during vasectomy did not decrease the time required to achieve postoperative azoospermia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Sperm Count , Vas Deferens/surgery , Vasectomy/methods , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Azoospermia , Prospective Studies , Semen Analysis , Therapeutic Irrigation/methods
10.
Hig. aliment ; 31(270/271): 119-123, 29/08/2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-848955

ABSTRACT

A etapa de salga é de fundamental importância na produção de queijos por contribuir com diversos parâmetros como: formação do sabor, maturação, controle microbiológico, controle de umidade, dentre outros. O processo de salga de queijos em salmoura é largamente utilizado no Brasil, podendo acarretar problemas de contaminação microbiana nos produtos em virtude de falhas em sua correção ou recuperação. Este trabalho teve por objetivo acompanhar a qualidade da salmoura em uma pequena indústria de laticínios situada em Minas Gerais, durante seu período de utilização. Foram realizadas determinações de temperatura, acidez titulável, concentração de NaCl, além de contagem padrão de micro-organismos mesófilos aeróbios, determinação do número mais provável de coliformes totais e termotolerantes e contagem de fungos filamentosos e leveduras. O experimento foi conduzido em três repetições, sendo as análises realizadas em duplicata nos tempos 0, 7, 14, 21 e 30 dias de armazenamento. Os valores encontrados para as análises de temperatura e cloreto de sódio apresentaram-se dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela literatura. O valor de acidez titulável manteve-se constante em 0,08% de ácido lático durante todo o período analisado, indicando necessidade de correção. A contagem de mesófilos aeróbios variou entre 1,23 log UFC.mL-1 a 3,64 log UFC. mL-1, coliformes totais e termotolerantes entre <0,47 log NMP. mL-1 a 1,17 log NMP. mL-1 e fungos filamentosos e leveduras 1 log UFC. mL-1 (est.) a 2,9 log UFC. mL-1 (est.). A salmoura apresentou boa qualidade microbiológica e físico-química, exceto quanto à acidez titulável, que deve ser corrigida. Foi verificado aumento da carga microbiana no momento da correção da concentração de sal, o que pode estar relacionado à qualidade deste produto.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Food Production , Cheese/analysis , Dairying , Food Preservation/methods , Yeasts/isolation & purification , Food Contamination/prevention & control , Coliforms , Food Microbiology
11.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 44(4): 348-353, jul.-ago. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-896603

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar a experiência inicial com a terapia por pressão negativa por instilação em feridas complexas infectadas ou contaminadas. Métodos: a terapia por pressão negativa por instilação utilizada foi o V.A.C. Ulta com instilação Veraflo (Kinetic Concepts, Inc). O modo de operação foi contínuo com pressão sub-atmosférica ajustada em 125 mmHg por duas horas e instilação entre as pausas. O tempo de instilação foi de 20 minutos (tempo de contato do agente tópico com a ferida) e a substância instilada foi solução salina padrão a 0,9%. Após obtenção de preparo adequado da ferida, ela foi coberta com enxerto ou retalho. Resultados: foram operados dez pacientes com feridas complexas contaminadas ou infectadas. O número médio de trocas da TPNi foi 1,4, o número médio total de cirurgias foi de 2,4, o intervalo até a cobertura da ferida foi de 6,3 dias e o intervalo até a alta foi de 11,4 dias. Conclusão: a comparação da terapia por pressão negativa por instilação com dois estudos prévios (controle histórico) evidenciou um tempo de internação menor, favorecendo a TPNi. Este estudo teve um caráter inicial, fazendo-se necessário conduzir um trabalho randomizado e controlado para confirmar a eficácia desta terapia e verificar a sua custo-efetividade.


ABSTRACT Objective: to report the initial experience with Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy with instillation in infected or contaminated complex wounds. Methods: the negative-pressure wound therapy with instillation used was V.A.C. Ulta with Veraflo instillation (Kinetic Concepts, Inc). The mode of operation was continuous with negative pressure set at 125 mmHg for two hours and instillation between the pauses. The instillation time was 20 minutes (contact time of the topical agent with the wound) and the instilled substance was 0.9% normal saline. After adequate preparation of the wound, it was covered with graft or flap. Results: ten patients with complex or contaminated wounds were operated on. The mean number of NPWTi changes was 1.4, the mean number of surgeries was 2.4, the interval until complete wound coverage was 6.3 days, and the interval up to the time of discharge was 11.4 days. Conclusion: the comparison of the negative-pressure wound therapy with instillation with two previous studies (historical control) evidenced a shorter hospitalization time, favoring TPNi. This study had an initial character, making it necessary to conduct a randomized and controlled trial to confirm the efficacy of this therapy and verify its cost-effectiveness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Wound Healing , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy , Instillation, Drug , Prospective Studies , Middle Aged
12.
Hig. aliment ; 31(266/267): 66-72, 30/04/2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-833327

ABSTRACT

A carne e os produtos cárneos são alimentos com elevado potencial de deterioração e por isso métodos de conservação são estudados e empregados para ampliação da sua vida de prateleira e preservação de sua qualidade. O ácido lático é um metabólico presente naturalmente na carne, formado durante o processo de conversão músculo carne que vem sendo testado com eficiência em carnes e derivados cárneos. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão sobre o uso do ácido lático e seu sal sódico em carnes e derivados cárneos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Food Preservation/methods , Meat/analysis , Meat Products/analysis , Swine , Review Literature as Topic , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Food Contamination/prevention & control , Consumer Product Safety , Lactic Acid/administration & dosage , Food Additives
13.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 32(2): 90-95, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-843475

ABSTRACT

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Myocardial protection is the most important in cardiac surgery. We compared our modified single-dose long-acting lignocaine-based blood cardioplegia with short-acting St Thomas 1 blood cardioplegia in patients undergoing single valve replacement. METHODS: A total of 110 patients who underwent single (aortic or mitral) valve replacement surgery were enrolled. Patients were divided in two groups based on the cardioplegia solution used. In group 1 (56 patients), long-acting lignocaine based-blood cardioplegia solution was administered as a single dose while in group 2 (54 patients), standard St Thomas IB (short-acting blood-based cardioplegia solution) was administered and repeated every 20 minutes. All the patients were compared for preoperative baseline parameters, intraoperative and all the postoperative parameters. RESULTS: We did not find any statistically significant difference in preoperative baseline parameters. Cardiopulmonary bypass time were 73.8±16.5 and 76.4±16.9 minutes (P=0.43) and cross clamp time were 58.9±10.3 and 66.3±11.2 minutes (P=0.23) in group 1 and group 2, respectively. Mean of maximum inotrope score was 6.3±2.52 and 6.1±2.13 (P=0.65) in group 1 and group 2, respectively. We also did not find any statistically significant difference in creatine-phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB), Troponin-I levels, lactate level and cardiac functions postoperatively. CONCLUSION: This study proves the safety and efficacy of long-acting lignocaine-based single-dose blood cardioplegia compared to the standard short-acting multi-dose blood cardioplegia in patients requiring the single valve replacement. Further studies need to be undertaken to establish this non-inferiority in situations of complex cardiac procedures especially in compromised patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cardioplegic Solutions/administration & dosage , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Heart Arrest, Induced/methods , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Aortic Valve/surgery , Postoperative Period , Potassium Chloride/administration & dosage , Bicarbonates/administration & dosage , Calcium Chloride/administration & dosage , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Lactic Acid/blood , Troponin I/blood , Creatine Kinase/blood , Magnesium/administration & dosage , Mitral Valve/surgery
14.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 131-138, 2017.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-65053

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) pretreatment on cognitive decline and neuronal damage in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were divided into three groups: normal saline (NS), AD, and HBO+AD. In the AD group, amyloid β peptide (Aβ)₁₋₄₀ was injected into the hippocampal CA1 region of the brain. NS rats received NS injection. In the HBO+AD group, rats received 5 days of daily HBO therapy following Aβ₁₋₄₀ injection. Learning and memory capabilities were examined using the Morris water maze task. Neuronal damage and astrocyte activation were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Dendritic spine density was determined by Golgi-Cox staining. Tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-10 production was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neuron apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling. Protein expression was examined by western blotting. RESULTS: Learning and memory dysfunction was ameliorated in the HBO+AD group, as shown by significantly lower swimming distances and escape latency, compared to the AD group. Lower rates of neuronal damage, astrocyte activation, dendritic spine loss, and hippocampal neuron apoptosis were seen in the HBO+AD than in the AD group. A lower rate of hippocampal p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation was observed in the HBO+AD than in the AD group. CONCLUSION: HBO pretreatment improves cognition and reduces hippocampal damage via p38 MAPK in AD rats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Alzheimer Disease/therapy , Amyloid beta-Peptides/administration & dosage , Apoptosis , Cognition/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hippocampus/enzymology , Hyperbaric Oxygenation , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Interleukin-10/biosynthesis , Interleukin-1beta/biosynthesis , Learning/drug effects , Memory/drug effects , Neurons , Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis , p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
15.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(12): 826-833, Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837662

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of modified coconut water as fluid of resuscitation combined with simvastatin in hemorrhagic shock and sepsis model in rats. METHODS: Four groups of Wistar rats with hemorrhagic shock and abdominal sepsis were studied (n=8/group). Rats were bled and maintained at a mean blood pressure 35mmHg for 60min. They were then resuscitated with: 1) saline 0.9%; 2) coconut water+3% NaCl; 3) coconut water+NaCl 3%+simvastatin microemulsion (10 mg/kg i.v.; 4) normal coconut water. At 8h post-resuscitation, blood and lungs were collected for exams. RESULTS: Clinical scores, TNF-α, IL-1β, liver/kidney proof levels, and lung injury were significantly reduced in coconut water+NaCl 3%+simvastatin group treated rats, comparing with the other resuscitation treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Resuscitation with coconut water with Nacl 3%+simvastatin had a significant beneficial effect on downregulating cytokines and decreasing lung injury in a rat model of abdominal sepsis and hemorrhagic shock. We also demonstrated that coconut water with Nacl 3%+simvastatin administration clearly made liver and kidney function better and improved clinical score.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Shock, Hemorrhagic/drug therapy , Water , Cocos/chemistry , Sepsis/drug therapy , Simvastatin/administration & dosage , Resuscitation/methods , Cacao , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Rats, Wistar , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Disease Models, Animal , Kidney/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Lung/drug effects
16.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(11): 720-723, Nov. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-827662

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of Botulinum Toxin A in different time of tobacco exposure. METHODS: 60 male, Wistar rats were divided into two tobacco exposure groups: a 2- month or a 4-month regimen. After this period, these two groups were subdivided as two: saline solution(SS) or botulinum toxin A(Bonta), at the time of the surgery. Seven days before the SS or Bonta injection, the animals were submitted to a random flap (3x10cm). On the seventh postoperative day, all animals were assessed for total flap area, viable area, and the viable/ total area ratio. RESULTS: This study showed a difference between groups 2-month saline vs. BontA injection (p=0.04); groups 4-month saline vs. BontA injection (p=0.001); groups 2-month saline vs. 4-month BontA (p=0.003), and, between groups 2- month BontA vs. 4-month saline(p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Botulinum Toxin A increased random flap viability in tobacco-exposed rats. Two months of tobacco exposure had the same effect as exposure for four months.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Surgical Flaps , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/pharmacology , Graft Survival/drug effects , Neuromuscular Agents/pharmacology , Time Factors , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications , Injections , Neuromuscular Agents/administration & dosage
17.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 14(3): 423-430, July-Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-796980

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT There is a growing request for measuring intra-abdominal pressure in critically ill patients with acute abdominal pain to be clarified. Summarizing the research results on measurement of vesical intra-abdominal pressure and analyzing the level of evidence were the purposes of this integrative literature review, carried out based on the databases LILACS, MEDLINE and PubMed, from 2005 to July 2012. Twenty articles were identified, in that, 12 literature reviews, 4 descriptive and exploratory studies, 2 expert opinions, one prospective cohort study and one was an experience report. The vesical intra-abdominal pressure measurement was considered gold standard. There are variations in the technique however, but some common points were identified: complete supine position, in absence of abdominal contracture, in the end of expiration and expressed in mmHg. Most research results indicate keeping the transducer zeroed at the level of the mid-axillary line at the iliac crest level, and instill 25mL of sterile saline. Strong evidence must be developed.


RESUMO Em pacientes críticos com quadros abdominais agudos a esclarecer é crescente a solicitação da aferição da pressão intra-abdominal. Sintetizar resultados de pesquisas sobre a mensuração da pressão intra-abdominal pela via vesical e analisar o nível de evidência foram os objetivos desta revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE e PubMed, no período de 2005 a julho de 2012. Identificaram-se 20 artigos, sendo 12 revisões de literatura, 4 estudos exploratório-descritivos, 2 opiniões de especialistas, 1 estudo de coorte prospectivo e 1 relato de experiência. O método vesical para mensuração da pressão intra-abdominal foi considerado padrão-ouro. Existem variações na técnica, entretanto pontos em comum foram identificados: posição supina completa, na ausência de contratura abdominal, ao final da expiração e expressa em mmHg. A maioria indica posicionar o ponto zero do transdutor na linha axilar média, ao nível da crista ilíaca e instilar 25ml de solução salina estéril. Evidências fortes precisam ser desenvolvidas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pressure , Urinary Catheterization/methods , Abdominal Cavity/physiopathology , Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/diagnosis , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Medical Illustration , Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods
18.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(9): 621-628, Sept. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-795999

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of dobutamine (DB), noradrenaline (NA), and their combination (NADB), on volume retention in rabbits submitted to hemorrhage. METHODS: Thirty six rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups: SHAM, Control, Saline, DB, NA, DB+NA. All the animals, except for SHAM, were subjected to hemorrhage of 25% of the calculated blood volume. Control animals were replaced with their own blood. The other groups received NSS 3 times the volume withdrawn. The intravascular retention, hematocrit, diuresis, central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, NGAL, dry-to-wet lung weight ratio (DTWR) and the lung and kidney histology were analyzed. RESULTS: Replacement with NSS and NA, DB or NA+DB did not produce differences in the intravascular retention. After hemorrhage, the animals presented a significant decrease in the MAP and CVP, which were maintained until volume replacement. Regarding NGAL, dry-to-wet-lung-weight ratio, lung and kidney histology, there were no statistical differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: The use of noradrenaline, dobutamine or their combination did not increase the intravascular retention of volume after normal saline infusion.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Blood Volume/drug effects , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Norepinephrine/administration & dosage , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/administration & dosage , Dobutamine/administration & dosage , Hemorrhage/physiopathology , Time Factors , Infusions, Intravenous , Random Allocation , Drug Combinations , Hematocrit , Kidney/drug effects , Lung/drug effects
19.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(9): 570-577, Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-796000

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To compare the use of latex derivative and Aloe vera extract to wound healing. METHODS: Twenty one rats were randomly divided into three groups and each one had a wound made by incision. The treatment consisted in: derivative of latex (GL), Aloe vera extract (GA) and saline solution (GC). The wound area was measured on the 7th, 14th and 21st days and macroscopic and microscopic evaluation were done. RESULTS: The comparison between the measurements of the wounds presented statistical difference in GC and GA from the 7th day of evaluation and GL from the 14th day. The extent of the wound was significantly smaller by the 7th day in GL. Histologically, in GL, the neovascularization was significant on the 7th, 14th and 21st days. On the 21st day the scar was large and little mature. In GA and GC, the findings were similar on the 7th, 14th and 21st days with a slight better organization of skin and collagen on the 21st in GA. CONCLUSIONS: Statistical analysis did not allow for the definition of the best topical agent. The latex had the highest angiogenesis, but a possible foreign body granuloma. Aloe vera has revealed a healing process adequated temporally in histology.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Wound Healing/drug effects , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Hevea/chemistry , Aloe/chemistry , Latex/therapeutic use , Phytotherapy , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Latex/chemistry
20.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 66(4): 341-345, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787625

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: A high sodium concentration is known to antagonize local anesthetics when infiltrated around neural tissue. Thus, we hypothesized that the onset time for sensory and motor blockade, in supraclavicular brachial plexus block using ropivacaine diluted with dextrose would be shorter than with saline. Methods: Patients scheduled for upper limb surgery were randomized to receive ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block with 0.5% ropivacaine. Evaluation of sensory and motor blockade was performed every 5 min for 60 min. Patients were followed-up on postoperative day 1, and between days 7 and 10 for the presence of any complications. Twenty-five patients in each group were analyzed. Results: Mean time for onset of analgesia for the dextrose group was 37.6 ± 12.9 min while the mean time for the saline group was 45.2 ± 13.9 min with a p-value of 0.05. The effect size was 0.567, which was moderate to large. No major complications were observed. Conclusion: We conclude that there was a decrease in onset time of analgesia when dextrose was used as a diluent instead of saline for ultrasound guided supraclavicular block.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: A alta concentração de sódio é conhecida por antagonizar anestésicos locais quando infiltrado em torno de tecido neural. Portanto, a nossa hipótese foi a de que o tempo de início para os bloqueios sensorial e motor, em bloqueio do plexo braquial supraclavicular com ropivacaína diluída com dextrose, seria menor do que com solução salina. Métodos: Os pacientes agendados para cirurgia em membro superior foram randomizados para receber bloqueio do plexo braquial supraclavicular com ropivacaína a 0,5%g guiado por ultrassom. A avaliação dos bloqueios sensorial e motor foi feita a cada cinco minutos durante 60 minutos. Os pacientes foram acompanhados no pós-operatório no primeiro dia e entre os dias 7-10 para presença de qualquer complicação. Foram analisados 25 pacientes em cada grupo. Resultados: A média do tempo para o início da analgesia no grupo dextrose foi de 37,6 ± 12,9 minutos, enquanto que no grupo solução salina foi de 45,2 ± 13,9 minutos, com um valor-p de 0,05. O tamanho do efeito foi 0,567, o que foi de moderado a grande. Complicações maiores não foram observadas. Conclusão: Concluímos que houve uma redução do tempo de início da analgesia quando dextrose em vez de solução salina foi usada como diluente para bloqueio supraclavicular guiado por ultrassom.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Brachial Plexus Block/methods , Amides/therapeutic use , Glucose/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Time Factors , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Single-Blind Method , Follow-Up Studies , Ropivacaine , Middle Aged
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